Grade 11-12 PNG: Biology Test – Plant and Animal Cells

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QUESTION 1 OF 40
Which of the following best defines a prokaryotic cell?
A cell with a true nucleus
A multicellular cell
A cell without membrane-bound organelles
A cell with mitochondria
The control centre of a eukaryotic cell is the:
Cytoplasm
Ribosome
Nucleus
Golgi apparatus
Which structure is present in all cells?
Chloroplast
Plasma membrane
Nucleus
Mitochondrion
Prokaryotic DNA is mainly found in the:
Nucleus
Mitochondria
Chloroplast
Nucleoid region
Which organelle is responsible for aerobic respiration?
Ribosome
Mitochondrion
Lysosome
Golgi body
Bacteria are examples of which type of cells?
Prokaryotic cells
Eukaryotic cells
Plant cells
Animal cells
Ribosomes are the site of:
Photosynthesis
Respiration
Protein synthesis
Excretion
Which structure provides protection and shape to bacterial cells?
Cell membrane
Nucleus
Cytoplasm
Cell wall
The cytoplasm is mainly the site of:
DNA storage
Metabolic reactions
Protein packaging
Photosynthesis only
Which organelle is only found in plant cells?
Chloroplast
Mitochondrion
Ribosome
Cell membrane
Which structure controls the movement of substances into and out of the cell?
Cell wall
Nucleus
Plasma membrane
Vacuole
Eukaryotic cells differ from prokaryotic cells because they:
Lack DNA
Contain membrane-bound organelles
Are always unicellular
Have no cytoplasm
The Golgi apparatus is responsible for:
Energy production
Protein synthesis
DNA replication
Modifying and packaging proteins
Which cell structure is absent in animal cells?
Cell wall
Nucleus
Mitochondria
Cytoplasm
The rough endoplasmic reticulum is associated with:
Lipid synthesis
Photosynthesis
Protein transport and synthesis
Cell division
Which organelle contains enzymes for intracellular digestion?
Mitochondrion
Lysosome
Ribosome
Nucleus
Plasmids in bacteria are:
Large linear DNA
Proteins
RNA molecules
Small circular DNA molecules
Which organelle is the site of photosynthesis?
Mitochondrion
Golgi apparatus
Chloroplast
Vacuole
Binary fission is a method of reproduction in:
Prokaryotic cells
Animal cells
Plant cells
Fungal cells
Which structure provides mechanical support in plant cells?
Cell membrane
Cell wall
Nucleus
Ribosome
The fluid mosaic model describes the structure of the:
Nucleus
Cytoplasm
Cell membrane
Vacuole
Which of the following is a characteristic of eukaryotic cells?
No nucleus
Circular DNA only
Lack organelles
Membrane-bound nucleus
Which organelle synthesizes lipids?
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Rough ER
Golgi apparatus
Ribosome
The nucleolus is mainly involved in the production of:
DNA
ATP
Ribosomes
Lipids
Which structure aids in movement of some bacteria?
Cilia
Flagellum
Pseudopodia
Villi
Which organelle stores water and maintains turgor pressure in plant cells?
Lysosome
Golgi apparatus
Nucleus
Large central vacuole
Which cells lack membrane-bound organelles?
Prokaryotic cells
Plant cells
Animal cells
Fungal cells
Which structure is made of peptidoglycan?
Plant cell wall
Animal cell membrane
Bacterial cell wall
Chloroplast membrane
Which of the following is true about mitochondria?
They contain no DNA
They have their own DNA
They perform photosynthesis
They are found only in plants
The main function of chlorophyll is to:
Store DNA
Produce ATP directly
Digest food
Absorb light energy for photosynthesis
Which structure is present in plant, animal, and bacterial cells?
Cell membrane
Chloroplast
Nucleus
Mitochondrion
Which organelle detoxifies harmful substances in cells?
Ribosome
Nucleolus
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Golgi apparatus
Which of the following is a feature of prokaryotic ribosomes?
80S ribosomes
70S ribosomes
90S ribosomes
No ribosomes
Which organelle is involved in secretion of proteins?
Lysosome
Mitochondrion
Chloroplast
Golgi apparatus
Which structure gives bacterial cells additional protection and helps them adhere to surfaces?
Nucleoid
Ribosome
Capsule
Flagellum
Cell theory states that all living organisms are made of:
Cells
Tissues only
Organs only
Molecules only
Which organelle contains cristae?
Nucleus
Mitochondrion
Golgi body
Vacuole
Which of the following best compares prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
Both lack DNA
Only prokaryotes have membranes
Eukaryotes have a true nucleus while prokaryotes do not
Prokaryotes are larger than eukaryotes
Which organelle is responsible for storing genetic information?
Ribosome
Lysosome
Golgi apparatus
Nucleus
According to the endosymbiotic theory, mitochondria originated from:
Viruses
Free-living prokaryotic cells
Plant cells
Fungal spores

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The above questions are suitable for Grade 11 and 12 students in Papua New Guinea because they are aligned with the Upper Secondary Biology syllabus, which emphasizes cell structure, cell theory, and the comparison between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells—key topics assessed in national examinations. The questions are structured from basic knowledge to higher-order thinking, helping students prepare for exam-style multiple-choice assessments commonly used in national tests. They also strengthen scientific vocabulary, analytical skills, and application of biological concepts that are essential for careers in health sciences, teaching, environmental science, laboratory technology, and agriculture, all of which are important sectors in Papua New Guinea’s development. By practicing these exam-standard questions, students improve their confidence, accuracy, and critical thinking, enabling them to perform better in national exams and build a strong academic foundation for further studies at universities and colleges within PNG and abroad.
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